Built-in types in Python

Python has several **built-in types** that help manage different kinds of data. Here are some key examples:

### Numeric Types
- `int` → Whole numbers (`42`, `-7`)
- `float` → Decimal numbers (`3.14`, `-0.5`)
- `complex` → Complex numbers (`2 + 3j`)

### Sequence Types
- `str` → Text (`"Hello, world!"`)
- `list` → Ordered collection (`[1, 2, 3]`)
- `tuple` → Immutable ordered collection (`(4, 5, 6)`)
- `range` → Sequence of numbers (`range(10)`)

### Mapping Type
- `dict` → Key-value pairs (`{"name": "Alice", "age": 25}`)

### Set Types
- `set` → Unordered unique elements (`{1, 2, 3}`)
- `frozenset` → Immutable set (`frozenset({4, 5, 6})`)

### Boolean Type
- `bool` → Logical values (`True`, `False`)

### Binary Types
- `bytes` → Immutable binary data (`b"hello"`)
- `bytearray` → Mutable binary data (`bytearray(b"hello")`)
- `memoryview` → Memory-efficient binary handling (`memoryview(b"hello")`)

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