File Systems Basics
A file system is a method and data structure an operating system uses to manage, store, and retrieve data on a storage device like a hard drive, SSD, or USB drive. It organizes files into directories and maintains metadata about files, such as names, permissions, and timestamps. Key Functions of a File System Organization of Data: It defines how data is stored and accessed, often in a hierarchy of directories and files. File Metadata Management: Handles details like file name, size, creation date, and permissions. Access Control: Manages who can read, write, or execute a file. Data Integrity and Recovery: Ensures data remains consistent and recoverable after crashes or errors. Space Management: Keeps track of free and used space on the storage device. Components of a File System File: A collection of data identified by a name (e.g., document.txt ). Directory: A container for files and other directories. Metadata: Information about files (size, type, permissions). ...