12 Fundamental Principles of Animation
The 12 Fundamental Principles of Animation were introduced by Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their 1981 book "The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation." These principles serve as essential guidelines for animators to create realistic and engaging animations, whether for characters, motion graphics, or any other animated content. Here's a detailed note on each principle: 1. Squash and Stretch - Definition : Squash and stretch involve distorting an object’s shape to emphasize motion and weight. It makes animated objects or characters appear more dynamic and flexible. - Purpose : It gives the illusion of flexibility and life. When used properly, it helps depict the physical properties of objects—whether they’re soft or rigid. For example, a bouncing ball squashes when it hits the ground and stretches as it leaves. - Application : It’s mostly used for creating exaggerated movements but can also be subtle for more realistic animations. For characters, it con